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Antimicrobial-induced Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disturbances

Yang Wook Kim1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Electrolyte & Blood Pressure : E & BP
|January 25, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobials can cause serious kidney problems and electrolyte imbalances. Early detection and management of these adverse effects are crucial for preventing severe complications.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Antimicrobials are frequently prescribed medications.
  • While generally safe, antimicrobials can lead to significant adverse effects.
  • Renal and electrolyte disturbances are known complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the potential renal and electrolyte complications associated with antimicrobial use.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and management of these adverse effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of antimicrobial-induced nephrotoxicity and electrolyte disturbances.
  • Analysis of common antimicrobial agents linked to renal adverse events.
  • Discussion of mechanisms of renal injury and electrolyte imbalance.

Main Results:

  • Antimicrobials, particularly vancomycin and aminoglycosides, are associated with acute renal failure.
  • Mechanisms include acute tubular necrosis, acute interstitial nephritis, and vasculitis.
  • Fluid and electrolyte imbalances are also significant concerns.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt identification and correction of antimicrobial-related renal and electrolyte abnormalities are essential.
  • Vigilance is required to prevent severe sequelae from antimicrobial therapy.
Keywords:
AntimicrobialsFluid-electrolyte imbalanceTubular dysfunction

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