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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Measuring Oral Fatty Acid Thresholds, Fat Perception, Fatty Food Liking, and Papillae Density in Humans
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Colour, pleasantness, and consumption behaviour within a meal.

Betina Piqueras-Fiszman1, Charles Spence1

  • 1Crossmodal Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, England, UK.

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|January 28, 2014
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Summary

Meal color and variety significantly impact food pleasantness and consumption. Sensory-specific satiety, influenced by color variety, can affect how much people eat, with implications for dietary intake.

Keywords:
BoredomColourConsumption behaviourHabituationSensory-specific satietyVariety

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Consumer Behavior
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Color and variety in meals are often claimed to influence consumption.
  • Repeated consumption of the same food decreases its pleasantness and intake.
  • Meal variation can mitigate decreased pleasantness and intake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on how meal color and variety affect consumption behavior.
  • To explore underlying mechanisms, including sensory-specific satiety.
  • To discuss definitions and potential contradictory findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on food color, variety, and consumption.
  • Analysis of theories explaining sensory-specific satiety and intake.
  • Evaluation of evidence linking color to consumption behavior.

Main Results:

  • Meal color, variety, and arrangement influence pleasantness ratings and potentially consumption.
  • Sensory-specific satiety is a key mechanism affected by color.
  • Variation within meals can slow the decrease in pleasantness and intake.

Conclusions:

  • Color and variety are significant factors in food acceptance and intake.
  • Understanding these sensory attributes can inform dietary strategies.
  • Further research is needed to explain all observed patterns, including exceptions.