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Auxin transport and activity regulate stomatal patterning and development.

Jie Le1, Xu-Guang Liu2, Ke-Zhen Yang3

  • 11] Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China [2] Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.

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Plant hormone auxin regulates stomatal development. Auxin depletion after unequal cell division signals a switch to equal division, controlling guard mother cell fate and stomatal spacing for optimal gas exchange.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Molecular genetics

Background:

  • Stomata are essential epidermal pores regulating plant gas exchange.
  • Stomatal development involves precise cell division patterns.
  • The role of auxin, a key plant hormone, in stomatal formation is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes in auxin activity during stomatal development.
  • To elucidate the function of auxin in regulating cell division and fate during stomatal patterning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized time-lapse imaging to monitor auxin activity.
  • Employed auxin input (DII-VENUS) and output (DR5:VENUS) reporter lines.
  • Observed dynamic changes in auxin levels in developing stomatal lineages.

Main Results:

  • A decrease in auxin levels was observed in the smaller daughter cell following an unequal division.
  • This auxin depletion preceded the commitment to a guard mother cell fate.
  • Auxin pathway control influences stem cell compartment size and division symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • Auxin signaling is crucial for regulating stomatal patterning and cell division.
  • Auxin depletion acts as a trigger for the developmental switch from unequal to equal cell division.
  • Understanding auxin dynamics provides insights into optimizing stomatal spacing for efficient gas exchange.