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Published on: December 14, 2014
Alcohol consumption among Chilean adolescents: Examining individual, peer, parenting and environmental factors
Guillermo E Sanhueza1, Jorge Delva1, Cristina B Bares2
1Professor and Associate Dean for Research. School of Social Work, University of Michigan 1080 S. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Ph: 734-936-3898; jdelva@umich.edu.
Aims:
This study examined whether adolescents from Santiago, Chile who had never drunk alcohol differed from those who had drunk alcohol but who had never experienced an alcohol-related problem, as well as from those who had drunk and who had experienced at least one alcohol-related problem on a number of variables from four domains - individual, peers, parenting, and environmental.
Design:
Cross-sectional.
Setting:
Community based sample.
Participants:
909 adolescents from Santiago, Chile.
Measurements:
Data were analyzed with multinomial logistic regression to compare adolescents who had never drunk alcohol (non-drinkers) with i) those that had drunk but who had experienced no alcohol-related problems (non-problematic drinkers) and ii) those who had drunk alcohol and had experienced at least one alcohol-related problem (problematic drinkers). The analyses included individual, peer, parenting, and environmental factors while controlling for age, sex, and socioeconomic status.
Findings:
Compared to non-drinkers, both non-problematic and problematic drinkers were older, reported having more friends who drank alcohol, greater exposure to alcohol ads, lower levels of parental monitoring, and more risk-taking behaviors. In addition, problematic drinkers placed less importance on religious faith to make daily life decisions and had higher perceptions of neighborhood crime than non-drinkers.
Conclusions:
Prevention programs aimed at decreasing problematic drinking could benefit from drawing upon adolescents' spiritual sources of strength, reinforcing parental tools to monitor their adolescents, and improving environmental and neighborhood conditions.
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