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Neuropeptides in human airways: function and clinical implications.

P J Barnes1

  • 1Department of Thoracic Medicine, Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

The American Review of Respiratory Disease
|December 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Neuropeptides in human airways affect smooth muscle and secretions, potentially acting as neurotransmitters. Future therapies may target these neuropeptides for airway diseases like asthma.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Neuropeptides are found in human airway nerves, influencing smooth muscle tone, blood flow, and secretions.
  • Evidence suggests neuropeptides function as neurotransmitters in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nerves or co-transmitters in autonomic nerves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of neuropeptides in airway physiology and disease.
  • To review the potential therapeutic applications of neuropeptide modulation in airway disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Localization of neuropeptides in human airway nerves.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies on neuropeptide effects on airway function.
  • Review of existing literature on neuropeptide involvement in asthma and airway diseases.

Main Results:

  • Vasoactive intestinal peptide and peptide histidine methionine relax human airways in vitro but show limited in vivo efficacy due to delivery issues.
  • Sensory neuropeptides like substance P, neurokinins A and B, and calcitonin gene-related peptide are implicated in neurogenic inflammation in asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Neuropeptides play significant roles in regulating airway functions and inflammation.
  • While direct clinical benefits are not yet realized, targeting neuropeptide pathways offers future therapeutic potential for asthma and other airway diseases.

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