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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

364
Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
364

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Nanoparticle contrast agents for computed tomography: a focus on micelles.

David P Cormode1, Pratap C Naha, Zahi A Fayad

  • 1Departments of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging
|January 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Nanoparticles are emerging as advanced computed tomography (CT) contrast agents, offering benefits like extended circulation and targeted imaging. Research is rapidly progressing, with micelles showing promise for enhanced CT imaging applications.

Keywords:
X-raybismuthcomputed tomographygold nanoparticleiodinelipoproteinmicellemolecular imagingnanoparticlespectral CT

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Nanotechnology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is a vital X-ray imaging modality in medicine.
  • Current CT contrast agents (iodinated molecules, barium) have limitations, especially for patients with renal impairment or iodine hypersensitivity.
  • Nanoparticle-based contrast agents have gained significant traction in recent years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles of CT image formation and contrast generation.
  • To discuss the advancements in nanoparticle CT contrast agents, including targeted and cell-tracking applications.
  • To highlight micelle-based agents and their use with spectral CT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nanoparticle development for CT contrast.
  • Discussion of CT principles and contrast enhancement mechanisms.
  • Analysis of targeted, non-targeted, and cell-tracking nanoparticle strategies.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticles offer advantages over small molecules, including prolonged blood-pool residence times.
  • Micelles and lipoproteins are effective nanoparticle platforms for CT contrast.
  • Spectral CT can enhance the utility of these novel agents.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle CT contrast agents represent a significant advancement in medical imaging.
  • Further toxicological studies are crucial due to potentially high doses required for clinical translation.
  • The field is poised for continued innovation in nanoparticle-based CT contrast agents.