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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Vitamins01:30

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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

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Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
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Updated: May 3, 2026

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2r&#947;null (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies
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Selenium deficiency and HIV infection.

Stefano Di Bella1, Elisabetta Grilli1, Maria Adriana Cataldo1

  • 1National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" , Rome, Italy.

Infectious Disease Reports
|January 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Selenium deficiency is common in HIV patients and linked to worse outcomes. Selenium supplementation may improve survival and slow disease progression in individuals with HIV, but its effect on viral load is unclear.

Keywords:
AIDSHIVmicronutrientmortalityselenium

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Selenium is vital for human health, and deficiency is linked to various diseases.
  • Low selenium levels are frequently observed in individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • The role of selenium in the clinical course of HIV infection requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on selenium's role in HIV disease progression, morbidity, and mortality.
  • To assess the impact of selenium deficiency and supplementation on HIV-infected individuals.
  • To evaluate selenium's effect on HIV-associated conditions like cardiomyopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating selenium levels and supplementation in HIV-infected populations.
  • Analysis of data from studies conducted in resource-limited settings with limited access to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART).
  • Examination of evidence regarding selenium's influence on mortality, disease progression, hospital admissions, cardiac function, viral load, and immune status.

Main Results:

  • Most studies indicate an association between low selenium levels and increased mortality in HIV patients.
  • Selenium supplementation appears to benefit survival and slow disease progression, particularly in resource-limited settings.
  • Supplementation may reduce hospital admissions and improve cardiac function in HIV-associated cardiomyopathy.
  • Evidence regarding selenium's impact on HIV viral load and immune status remains conflicting.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium deficiency is associated with adverse outcomes in HIV infection.
  • Selenium supplementation shows promise in improving survival and clinical outcomes for HIV-infected individuals.
  • Further research is needed to clarify selenium's role in managing HIV viral load and immune function.