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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
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Cat-scratch disease in Crete: an update.

Georgios Minadakis1, Emmanouil Angelakis1, Dimosthenis Chochlakis1

  • 1Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology, Parasitology, Zoonoses and Geographical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for Mediterranean Zoonoses, University of Crete, Staurakia-Voutes, Crete, Greece.

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Summary

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is common in Crete, affecting 11% of suspected patients. Most cases occur in children during warmer months, linked to increased outdoor activity.

Keywords:
Bartonella henselaeCrete.cat-scratch disease

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Limited epidemiological data exists for cat scratch disease (CSD) on Crete.
  • Understanding CSD prevalence is crucial for public health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of Bartonella infections causing CSD in Crete.
  • To analyze epidemiological patterns of CSD in the region.

Main Methods:

  • Serological testing using immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on 507 serum samples.
  • Molecular detection of Bartonella henselae in lymph node and blood samples using PCR.
  • Retrospective analysis of suspected CSD cases from January 2005 to October 2008.

Main Results:

  • Identified 56 confirmed CSD cases (11% prevalence).
  • PCR confirmed B. henselae in two patients (one with lymphadenopathy, one with bacteremia).
  • CSD predominantly affected children (62.5%) and showed seasonal peaks in late spring/summer and winter.

Conclusions:

  • CSD is a prevalent infectious disease in Crete.
  • Increased outdoor activity likely contributes to seasonal CSD transmission.
  • The findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies.