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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Biological rhythms and vector insects.

Mirian David Marques

    Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
    |January 30, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Organismal temporal organization synchronizes biological rhythms, crucial for parasite-host interactions. Successful parasitic infections, like those by Protozoa and microfilariae, depend on this timing for transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Chronobiology
    • Parasitology

    Background:

    • Species adapt to Earth's environmental cycles through temporal organization.
    • Synchronized biological rhythms, particularly circadian rhythms, are vital for host-parasite-vector dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the critical role of temporal components in successful parasite transmission.
    • To examine how biological timing influences host-parasite interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on temporal organization in species.
    • Case examples focusing on Protozoa and microfilariae infections.

    Main Results:

    • Parasitic infections demonstrate a strong dependence on temporal factors for successful transmission.

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  • The synchrony of biological rhythms is a key element in host-parasite relationships.

    • Conclusions:

    • Temporal organization is fundamental for the ecological success of parasitic species.
    • Understanding biological rhythms is essential for controlling parasitic infections and their transmission.