Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

984
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
984
Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

2.6K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.6K
Formation of Lipopolysaccharides01:19

Formation of Lipopolysaccharides

1.1K
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin,...
1.1K
Red Algae01:23

Red Algae

2.0K
Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
2.0K
Biofuels01:25

Biofuels

107
The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
107
Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

Peptidoglycan Synthesis

4.7K
Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan...
4.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gossypiboma-associated sarcomas in five cases.

The Journal of small animal practice·2026
Same author

Diagnostic Yield of Combining CT Colonoscopy and Endoscopy to Investigate Colorectal Cancer.

Journal of gastrointestinal cancer·2025
Same author

Transversus abdominis muscle as a gastric or intestinal on-lay flap in two dogs and one cat.

The Journal of small animal practice·2021
Same author

Complications associated with bone marrow sampling in dogs and cats.

The Journal of small animal practice·2020
Same author

Lasting lessons learnt in the radiology department from the battle with COVID-19.

Clinical radiology·2020
Same author

Local anaesthetic resistance in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome undergoing caesarean section with continuous spinal anaesthesia.

Anaesthesia reports·2020
Same journal

Identification of CAMTA transcription factors and functional analysis of OsCAMTA4 in rice blast and salt stress.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Genetic identification and candidate gene analysis for loci of spike density in wheat.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Regulatory roles of R2R3-MYB genes in plant growth, development and stress adaptation: insights into seed dormancy and germination.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Viola philippica (Malpighiales, Violaceae).

Planta·2026
Same journal

Somatic embryogenesis-induced epigenetic changes promoting catechin accumulation in Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.

Planta·2026
Same journal

Integrative transcriptome and long non-coding RNA analysis to decipher the molecular basis of cleistogamy in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp).

Planta·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Hierarchical and Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis
09:56

Hierarchical and Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis

Published on: September 6, 2019

6.5K

Sulphated polysaccharide synthesis in brown algae.

L V Evans1, M Simpson, M E Callow

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, The University, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK.

Planta
|January 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied sulphated polysaccharide synthesis in brown seaweeds using autoradiography. They found synthesis occurs in various cell types, particularly in the Golgi-rich perinuclear region, with optimal sulfate uptake at specific concentrations.

More Related Videos

Culture of Small Colony Variant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Quantitation of its Alginate
09:06

Culture of Small Colony Variant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Quantitation of its Alginate

Published on: February 22, 2020

8.4K
Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae
07:44

Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae

Published on: October 1, 2013

59.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Hierarchical and Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis
09:56

Hierarchical and Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis

Published on: September 6, 2019

6.5K
Culture of Small Colony Variant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Quantitation of its Alginate
09:06

Culture of Small Colony Variant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Quantitation of its Alginate

Published on: February 22, 2020

8.4K
Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae
07:44

Analysis of Fatty Acid Content and Composition in Microalgae

Published on: October 1, 2013

59.6K

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) are complex marine algae.
  • Sulphated polysaccharides play crucial roles in seaweed structure and physiology.
  • Understanding their synthesis and transport is key to marine natural product research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the specific sites of synthesis, transport, and localization of sulphated polysaccharides in brown seaweeds.
  • To investigate the optimal conditions for sulfate uptake.
  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms involved in carbohydrate sulphation.

Main Methods:

  • Histochemical staining techniques.
  • Autoradiography using radioactive sulfate (35SO4).
  • Incubation of seaweed tissues in controlled media with varying sulfate concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Sulfate uptake was most efficient in a medium with 10(-4)M carrier sulfate; uptake from seawater was negligible.
  • In Pelvetia, all cell types, especially epidermal cells, synthesized sulphated material.
  • In Laminaria spp., synthesis was localized to specialized secretory cells discharging into mucilage canals.

Conclusions:

  • Carbohydrate sulphation in these brown seaweeds occurs primarily in the Golgi-rich perinuclear region.
  • Cellular localization of synthesis varies between different genera of brown seaweeds.
  • Optimized sulfate availability is critical for efficient uptake and subsequent polysaccharide synthesis.