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Religious orientation and life aspirations.

Patrick R Steffen1, Spencer Clayton, William Swinyard

  • 1Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 284 TLRB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA, steffen@byu.edu.

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|January 30, 2014
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Summary

Intrinsic religiosity positively impacts well-being and life aspirations. Extrinsic religiosity relates to extrinsic aspirations, but self-determination theory doesn't fully explain these connections in predicting outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology of Religion

Background:

  • Religiosity's impact on well-being varies with orientation: intrinsic linked to positive outcomes, extrinsic to neutral/negative.
  • The underlying mechanisms for these differing effects of intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between intrinsic/extrinsic religiosity and intrinsic/extrinsic life aspirations.
  • To test if life aspirations mediate the link between religious orientation and well-being outcomes.
  • To evaluate the explanatory power of self-determination theory in this context.

Main Methods:

  • A national sample (N=425, mean age=52, 59% female) completed measures of religious orientation, life aspirations, affect, and life satisfaction.
  • Hypotheses tested the predicted positive and negative associations between religious orientations and life aspirations.
  • Statistical modeling examined mediation by life aspirations and independent prediction of outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Intrinsic religiosity correlated positively with positive affect, life satisfaction, and intrinsic aspirations.
  • Intrinsic religiosity correlated negatively with negative affect and extrinsic aspirations.
  • Extrinsic religiosity positively predicted extrinsic aspirations but not intrinsic aspirations.

Conclusions:

  • Religious orientation and life aspirations are related and independently predict well-being.
  • Life aspirations did not mediate the relationship between religious orientation and outcomes.
  • Self-determination theory does not fully account for how religious orientation influences well-being.