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Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
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Updated: May 3, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Atrial fibrillation.

Thomas M Munger1, Li-Qun Wu2, Win K Shen3

  • 1Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;

Journal of Biomedical Research
|January 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a growing global health concern, leading to severe complications. Continued research into AF epidemiology, genetics, detection, and treatments is crucial for managing this widespread arrhythmia.

Keywords:
arrhythmiasatrial fibrillationcardiacdementiaheart failurestroke

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia globally.
  • AF prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide, posing significant health and economic burdens.
  • Associated complications include heart failure, dementia, stroke, and syncope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the escalating global prevalence of atrial fibrillation.
  • To underscore the severe consequences associated with AF.
  • To emphasize the need for ongoing research in AF management.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract reviews current understanding of atrial fibrillation.
  • It synthesizes information on AF epidemiology and its impact.
  • It discusses existing and needed therapeutic advancements.

Main Results:

  • Atrial fibrillation is a common and growing arrhythmia.
  • Existing therapies have improved patient outcomes.
  • Significant challenges remain in managing AF.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into AF epidemiology, genetics, detection, and treatments is essential.
  • Aggressive research is needed to address the growing burden of AF.
  • Advancements are critical as the global population ages.