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Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in hamadan, iran.
Masoud Sabouri Ghannad1, Ghasem Solgi2, Sayed Hamid Hashemi3
1Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
Iranian Journal of Microbiology
|January 30, 2014
Summary
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis was diagnosed in 15% of patients. HSV encephalitis showed higher CSF glucose and protein levels, and a significantly higher mortality rate compared to non-HSV encephalitis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Laboratory Science
Background:
- Encephalitis presents a significant public health challenge.
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common cause of encephalitis.
- Accurate diagnosis and understanding of HSV encephalitis are crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate medical laboratory findings in patients with suspected Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis.
- To compare laboratory results between HSV-positive and HSV-negative encephalitis cases.
- To assess the clinical impact and mortality associated with HSV encephalitis.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis was based on clinical presentation suggestive of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE).
- Confirmation involved either HSV1&2-DNA detection via PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or neuro-imaging.
- CSF analysis compared glucose, protein levels, and identified viral RNA.
Main Results:
- 15% of patients tested positive for HSV infection in CSF.
- Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) were also detected in a small number of cases.
- HSV-positive patients exhibited elevated CSF glucose and protein levels compared to HSV-negative patients.
- Mortality was significantly higher in HSV encephalitis (46.6%) versus non-HSV encephalitis (11.4%).
Conclusions:
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) accounted for 15% of diagnosed encephalitis cases in this study.
- Elevated CSF glucose and protein are indicative of HSV encephalitis.
- HSV encephalitis is associated with a considerably higher mortality rate.
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