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Dissociable memory traces within the macaque medial temporal lobe predict subsequent recognition performance.

Kentaro Miyamoto1, Yusuke Adachi, Takahiro Osada

  • 1Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|January 31, 2014
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in monkeys reveal distinct memory encoding processes in the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Activity in the caudal entorhinal cortex (cERC) and hippocampus supports recollection-like memory.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) links medial temporal lobe (MTL) activity to memory performance.
  • Limited understanding of human MTL cytoarchitecture necessitates nonhuman primate models for precise localization.
  • Neural correlates of the subsequent memory effect remain unidentified in monkeys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify neural correlates of the subsequent memory effect in the monkey MTL using fMRI.
  • To investigate memory encoding processes in the monkey MTL during event encoding.
  • To compare memory encoding mechanisms between humans and monkeys.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution fMRI was employed in monkeys during memory encoding tasks.
  • Multivoxel pattern analysis and univariate analysis were applied to fMRI data.
  • Cytoarchitecture-based boundary delineation was integrated with MRI data.

Main Results:

  • Memory traces were identified in the caudal entorhinal cortex (cERC), perirhinal cortex (PRC), and hippocampus proper.
  • Activity in the cERC and hippocampus correlated with encoding initial items in sequential tasks, suggesting recollection-like recognition.
  • Perirhinal cortex (PRC) activity did not show this correlation.

Conclusions:

  • Two distinct encoding processes operate within the monkey MTL.
  • Recollection-based memory involves interplay between the hippocampus and the cERC.
  • Findings advance understanding of the shared memory system in humans and monkeys.