Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers01:18

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers

2.4K
Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...
2.4K
Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine01:25

Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine

1.9K
Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ranolazine have emerged as crucial pharmacotherapeutic agents, providing deep insights into the complexities of angina management.
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
1.9K
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

3.8K
β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
3.8K
Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype01:31

Adrenergic Receptors: ɑ Subtype

2.7K
Adrenoceptors are classified into α and ꞵ classes based on their potencies to catecholamine agonists. α-adrenoceptors show the following order of catecholamine potency:
Adrenaline ≥ Noradrenaline >> Isoprenaline
α-adrenoceptors are further divided into α1 and α2-adrenoceptors.
α1-Adrenoceptors: These receptors are located postsynaptically on the effector organs and cause constriction of smooth muscle mediated by activation of phospholipase...
2.7K
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

2.9K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
2.9K
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

5.0K
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Surgery for gastric cancer patients of age 85 and older: Multicenter survey.

World journal of gastroenterology·2017
Same author

L-Carnitine improves gastrointestinal disorders and altered the intestinal microbiota in hemodialysis patients.

Bioscience of microbiota, food and health·2017
Same author

Investigation of Metabolic Factors Associated with eGFR Decline Over 1 Year in a Japanese Population without CKD.

Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis·2017
Same author

Clinical significance of 'cardiometabolic memory': a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·2017
Same author

Vps34 regulates myofibril proteostasis to prevent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

JCI insight·2017
Same author

Expression of epithelial cell-derived cytokine genes in the duodenal and colonic mucosae of dogs with chronic enteropathy.

The Journal of veterinary medical science·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium
09:45

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium

Published on: January 20, 2019

7.6K

Renal microcirculation and calcium channel subtypes.

Koichiro Homma, Koichi Hayashi, Shintaro Yamaguchi

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. homma@a7.keio.jp.

Current Hypertension Reviews
|February 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Voltage-dependent calcium channels in the kidney regulate renal microcirculation. Blocking T-type and N-type channels with calcium channel blockers may slow chronic kidney disease progression.

More Related Videos

Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli
12:19

Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli

Published on: June 27, 2015

10.6K
Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies
12:42

Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies

Published on: July 14, 2018

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium
09:45

Simultaneous Measurements of Intracellular Calcium and Membrane Potential in Freshly Isolated and Intact Mouse Cerebral Endothelium

Published on: January 20, 2019

7.6K
Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli
12:19

Single-channel Analysis and Calcium Imaging in the Podocytes of the Freshly Isolated Glomeruli

Published on: June 27, 2015

10.6K
Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies
12:42

Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies

Published on: July 14, 2018

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Pharmacology

Background:

  • Voltage-dependent calcium channels (Ca channels) are present in renal arterioles and tubules.
  • Different Ca channel subtypes (L-, T-, N-, P/Q-type) have distinct roles in renal microcirculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diverse effects of various calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on renal microcirculation.
  • To investigate the potential of T-type and N-type Ca channel inhibition in managing chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Ca channel subtypes in the kidney.
  • Analysis of the effects of selective and non-selective CCBs on renal hemodynamics and non-hemodynamic processes.

Main Results:

  • Selective L-type Ca channel blockade can cause glomerular hypertension.
  • CCBs blocking T-type and L-type channels lower intraglomerular pressure.
  • T-type Ca channels mediate aldosterone secretion; T-type CCBs may reduce inflammation and renin secretion.
  • N-type Ca channels in renal arterioles are involved in sympathetic nerve activity; N-type CCBs can lower intraglomerular pressure.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct Ca channel subtypes in the kidney have varied effects on renal microcirculation.
  • Inhibiting T-type and N-type Ca channels with CCBs shows promise for retarding CKD progression via hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic mechanisms.