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Family history of myocardial infarction increases risk of renal dysfunction in middle age
Anders Christensson1, Olle Melander, Erik Fjellstedt
1Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Insights
A family history of myocardial infarction (MI) is linked to an increased risk of kidney dysfunction, particularly in middle-aged men. This association suggests potential genetic factors contributing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Nephrology
- Genetics
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent condition, disproportionately affecting males and potentially progressing to end-stage renal disease.
- Familial clustering of kidney diseases suggests a potential genetic component in their etiology.
- Myocardial infarction (MI) shares risk factors with CKD, hinting at possible common underlying mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between a family history of myocardial infarction (MI) and the presence of renal dysfunction.
- To determine if heredity for MI is an independent risk factor for impaired kidney function.
Main Methods:
- A population-based cohort study included 22,297 males and 10,828 females aged 33-60 years.
- Renal function was assessed using the CKD-EPI creatinine equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
- Family history of MI and other relevant data were collected via self-administered questionnaires, with statistical analyses using logistic and linear regression models.
Main Results:
- A positive family history of MI was significantly associated with an increased risk of renal dysfunction in the overall cohort (p=0.01) and specifically in males (p=0.000).
- Males with a family history of MI exhibited a 2-fold higher risk of having an eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m² (p=0.02).
- No significant association between family history of MI and renal dysfunction was observed in females (p=0.88).
Conclusions:
- A familial predisposition to MI is linked to renal dysfunction in middle-aged men.
- These findings suggest that genetic factors may contribute to the risk of CKD in individuals with a family history of MI.
- Further research into shared genetic pathways could elucidate the relationship between cardiovascular and renal health.
Background/Aims:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in the general population, may lead to end-stage renal disease, and is most frequently found among males. Familial clustering of kidney diseases has been observed. We aimed to study a potential association between the family history of myocardial infarction (MI) and renal dysfunction.
Methods:
22,297 males and 10,828 females, aged 33-60 years, from a population-based cohort study were studied. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was assessed by the CKD-EPI creatinine equation. Every participant filled in a self-administered questionnaire including family history. Heredity for MI was defined as mother or father having had MI and/or died from MI, and/or brother or sister having had MI. Binary logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used in the analyses.
Results:
Multiple linear regression revealed a significantly increased risk of renal dysfunction in those with a positive heredity for MI (the whole cohort p = 0.01, males p = 0.000, females p = 0.169). Binary logistic regression showed that males with heredity for MI with a mean age of 43 years have a 2 times higher risk (p = 0.02) of belonging to the group with GFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m(2) compared to those without heredity. For the whole cohort the increased risk was 1.6 times (p = 0.07). There was no significant association for females (p = 0.88).
Conclusion:
These findings demonstrate that a familial burden of MI is associated with renal dysfunction, in men, already in middle age. Genetic variants may underlie predisposition to CKD in those with heredity for MI.
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