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Oxidative stress during extracorporeal circulation.

Charles Ian McDonald1, John Francis Fraser2, Jeff S Coombes2

  • 1Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital and The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia charles_mcdonald@health.qld.gov.au.

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
|February 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Patients undergoing extracorporeal circulation (ECC) experience increased oxidative stress, linked to worse outcomes. This review explores reactive species, clinical impacts, and antioxidants to mitigate oxidative stress during ECC.

Keywords:
AntioxidantsCardiopulmonary bypassDialysisECMOExtracorporeal circulationOxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Medicine
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Increased oxidative stress is observed in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, hemodialysis, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
  • This stress is associated with adverse outcomes and higher mortality rates.
  • Factors contributing to oxidative stress include blood exposure to artificial surfaces, inflammation, hyperoxia, and underlying disease pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the generation of reactive species during extracorporeal circulation (ECC).
  • To discuss the clinical consequences of oxidative stress in patients undergoing ECC.
  • To provide an overview of current antioxidant compounds for mitigating oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on oxidative stress during extracorporeal circulation.
  • Analysis of reactive species generation and their impact.
  • Evaluation of antioxidant strategies.

Main Results:

  • Extracorporeal circulation triggers significant oxidative stress due to artificial surfaces and physiological changes.
  • Oxidative stress leads to cellular damage (lipids, proteins, DNA), contributing to morbidity and mortality.
  • Antioxidant compounds show potential for mitigating these effects.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress is a critical factor impacting patient outcomes during extracorporeal circulation.
  • Understanding reactive species and their consequences is vital for developing effective interventions.
  • Further research into antioxidant therapies is warranted to improve patient care during ECC.