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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

7.5K
A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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What are Proteins?01:55

What are Proteins?

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Overview
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What are Proteins?01:28

What are Proteins?

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Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Proteins and polypeptides are interchangeably used to refer to long chains of amino acids. However, polypeptides have a molecular weight of fewer than 10,000 daltons, while proteins have greater molecular weight.  Polypeptides with less than 20 amino acids are called oligopeptides or simply peptides. Interactions among the constituent amino acid side chains of proteins help them fold into a stable 3-dimensional...
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Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

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Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme...
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Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins

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Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...
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The Proteasome02:18

The Proteasome

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Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important amongst these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. A series of enzymes carry out the ubiquitination of the target proteins - E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
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Organic Solvent-Based Protein Precipitation for Robust Proteome Purification Ahead of Mass Spectrometry
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Protein - Which is Best?

Jay R Hoffman1, Michael J Falvo1

  • 1The Department of Health and Exercise Science, The College of New Jersey , Ewing, New Jersey, USA.

Journal of Sports Science & Medicine
|February 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Athletes need more protein, but choosing the right type matters. This review analyzes protein sources like whey, casein, and soy to guide dietary recommendations for athletes and the general population.

Keywords:
Sport supplementationanimal proteinergogenic aidvegetable protein

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Sports Nutrition
  • Dietary Protein Analysis

Background:

  • Athletes have higher protein requirements than the general population.
  • The variety of available protein sources necessitates understanding their differing benefits and drawbacks.
  • Concerns exist regarding saturated fat content in animal protein sources versus vegetable alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze key factors for evaluating protein quality and digestibility.
  • To provide responsible protein consumption recommendations for general and athletic populations.
  • To compare the benefits of different protein sources, including whey, casein, and soy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on protein evaluation techniques.
  • Analysis of amino acid profiles and digestibility of various protein sources.
  • Examination of health and safety implications of elevated protein intake.

Main Results:

  • Animal proteins offer complete amino acid profiles but may contain saturated fats.
  • Vegetable proteins can provide benefits comparable to animal sources when appropriately combined.
  • Casein protein shows potential for sustained protein synthesis, beneficial for athletes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding protein quality is crucial for optimizing dietary intake.
  • Both animal and vegetable protein sources have roles in a balanced diet.
  • Casein protein supplementation may offer prolonged benefits for muscle protein synthesis.