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Tricritical behavior of soft nematic elastomers.

Danilo B Liarte1

  • 1Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Clark Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2501, USA and Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 66318, CEP 05314-970, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

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We developed a lattice model to study nematic liquid-crystal elastomers. Our model predicts a unique phase diagram with transitions to a soft phase and tricritical points, offering insights into material behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Nematic liquid-crystal elastomers exhibit complex phase behaviors.
  • Understanding their soft responses is crucial for material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase diagrams and soft responses of nematic liquid-crystal elastomers using a lattice statistical model.
  • To characterize the low-temperature soft regime and identify phase transition types.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a lattice statistical model with infinite-range interactions.
  • Derivation of exact self-consistent equations for nematic order parameter components.
  • Numerical calculations to analyze the model's predictions.

Main Results:

  • A peculiar phase diagram was found, dependent on temperature and distortion tensor component.
  • First- and second-order transitions to the soft phase were identified.
  • Prediction of tricritical points in the phase diagram.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model accurately describes the phase diagram and soft responses of nematic liquid-crystal elastomers.
  • The observed phase behavior, including tricritical points, is robust across different initial nematic orders.