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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
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Pressure-overload-induced right heart failure.

S Rain1, M L Handoko, A Vonk Noordegraaf

  • 1Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
|February 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension leads to right heart failure. Adaptive mechanisms initially preserve heart function but eventually cause failure, highlighting the need for targeted treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pulmonary Hypertension Research
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves lung arteriole remodeling.
  • PAH causes right heart failure, leading to poor prognosis.
  • Current treatments do not specifically target the failing right ventricle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore mechanisms of right ventricular adaptation in PAH.
  • To understand the transition from adaptation to right heart failure.
  • To identify potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • Synthesizes current research on right ventricular function in PAH.
  • Analyzes adaptive and maladaptive pathways in the right ventricle.

Main Results:

  • Right ventricular adaptive mechanisms initially maintain cardiac output.
  • These same mechanisms contribute to the progression of right heart failure.
  • A dual role of adaptive pathways is proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding RV adaptation is crucial for treating PAH.
  • Targeting maladaptive pathways in RV failure is a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Further research into RV remodeling is warranted.