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Updated: May 3, 2026

$Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain$

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain

Published on: May 10, 2017

Neuromodulation for intractable headaches.

Roya Hassanzadeh¹, Jeremy C Jones, Edgar L Ross

¹University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

Current Pain and Headache Reports

|February 4, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Electrical neuromodulation offers a promising approach for managing chronic headaches that do not respond to traditional treatments. This review explores current techniques, new targets, and emerging devices for refractory headache disorders.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Neurosurgery
Pain Management

Background:

Intractable chronic headaches pose significant challenges for patients and clinicians.
Implantable electrical neuromodulators are increasingly utilized for refractory primary and secondary headache disorders.
Neuromodulation is an evolving field for managing chronic pain conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current neuromodulation strategies for intractable headaches.
To discuss indications, operative considerations, and complications of neuromodulation.
To highlight recent advances and novel targets in neuromodulation for craniofacial pain.

Main Methods:

Literature review of neuromodulation for headache disorders.
Analysis of clinical experience with neuromodulation techniques.
Discussion of emerging neuromodulation targets and devices.

Main Results:

Neuromodulation is an established and growing treatment for refractory headaches.
Various neuromodulation targets and devices are available for craniofacial pain.
Ongoing research is identifying new targets and improving treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

Neuromodulation represents a vital therapeutic option for patients with intractable headaches.
Advances in neuromodulation technology and target identification continue to expand treatment possibilities.
Further research is warranted to optimize neuromodulation for diverse headache types.