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Updated: May 3, 2026

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart
Published on: June 7, 2015
[Base in four types of lidocaine preparation (formulated in hospital)]
Hisayo Yamaoka1, Moemi Saito, Keiji Maruyama
1Department of Plastic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine.
Abstract:
PL cream (combination of lidocaine and procaine) was launched on the market in April 2012 in Japan. We investigated differences in the anesthetic effect by employing two types of base: Carbopol and methylcellulose. Electron microscopy showed a distinct difference in appearance: densely-scattered, fine particles for Carbopol and sparse, large particles for methylcellulose. Accordingly, the extensibility of the cream was significantly greater at 4 and 25 degrees centigrade for methylcellulose, but was greater at 34 degrees centigrade for Carbopol. The steady flow viscosity (1 s(-1)) was greater for the Carbopol than methylcellulose base. The difference in the cutaneous permeability between the two bases increased over time: the methylcellulose base was removed at 90 min after application and, 30 min later, showed a significant difference. These results suggest that the methylcellulose base has a superior anesthetic effect in clinical settings.
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