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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

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DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

3.9K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Peripheral neuropathies in pregnancy.

E Wayne Massey, Amanda C Guidon

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    |February 5, 2014
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Peripheral neuropathic disorders are common in pregnancy, affecting women during or after childbirth. Early recognition, diagnosis, and treatment are crucial for managing these conditions, including carpal tunnel syndrome and diabetic polyneuropathy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Peripheral neuropathic disorders can manifest during pregnancy, impacting maternal health.
    • Increased incidence of diabetes mellitus in women of childbearing age contributes to diabetic polyneuropathy during pregnancy.

    Observation:

    • Common conditions include carpal tunnel syndrome, brachial neuritis, and inherited neuropathies.
    • Diabetic polyneuropathy with autonomic dysfunction is increasingly recognized in pregnant individuals.
    • Pregnancy influences the diagnostic considerations, treatment strategies, and prognostic outlook for these disorders.

    Findings:

    • Literature comprises case reports, series, and retrospective reviews, with recent advancements in understanding specific neuropathies.
    • Growing awareness of diabetic polyneuropathy and its complications in pregnant women.

    Implications:

    • Women may experience mononeuropathy, plexopathy, radiculopathy, or polyneuropathy during pregnancy or postpartum.
    • Anticipatory management and counseling are vital for women of childbearing age with pre-existing neuromuscular disorders.
    • An interdisciplinary medical approach is often essential for optimal patient care.