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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

3.7K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles TRECs and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles KRECs by Real-time PCR
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A call to include severe combined immunodeficiency in newborn screening program.

Raz Somech1, Amos Etzioni2

  • 1Pediatric Department B North, Pediatric Immunology Service, Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;

Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal
|February 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Quantifying T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) aids in assessing thymic activity and screening newborns for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Early TREC detection enables timely treatment, improving outcomes for infants with immune deficiencies.

Keywords:
Guthrie cardsT cell receptor excision circles (TRECs)immunodeficiencykappa-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs)neonatal screeningsevere combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neonatal Screening
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) are valuable non-invasive markers of thymic T cell production.
  • Quantification of TRECs is crucial for assessing thymic activity and immune status.
  • Neonatal screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is vital, especially in populations with high consanguinity rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of TREC quantification as a tool for investigating thymic activity.
  • To emphasize the role of TREC measurement in neonatal screening for SCID and lymphopenia.
  • To discuss the broader applications of TREC analysis in various immune-related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of TREC (T cell receptor excision circles) DNA.
  • Implementation of TREC measurement as a screening test for neonatal SCID.
  • Application of TREC analysis in diverse clinical settings involving T cell immunity.

Main Results:

  • TREC quantification serves as a key method for identifying T cell production by the thymus.
  • TREC measurement is the preferred test for screening neonates with SCID or significant lymphopenia.
  • TREC analysis is applicable to a wide range of conditions affecting T cell immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal screening for SCID through TREC quantification enables early diagnosis and life-saving interventions.
  • Prompt detection and treatment of SCID significantly improve patient outcomes, potentially leading to a cure.
  • TRECs and KRECs quantification are essential for screening severe T and B cell immunodeficiencies and monitoring immune status.