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[Subpopulations and phagocytic activity of monocytes in chronic gastroduodenitis in children]

E V Agafonova, T G Malanicheva, S N Denisova

    Eksperimental'Naia I Klinicheskaia Gastroenterologiia = Experimental & Clinical Gastroenterology
    |February 8, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study reveals that Helicobacter pylori and Candida in children with chronic gastroduodenitis significantly impair monocyte function. These infections severely depress phagocytic activity, impacting immune defense against pathogens.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD) in children is often linked to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.
    • The role of fungal co-infections, specifically Candida, and their impact on immune function in pediatric CGD is not fully understood.
    • Monocyte dysfunction may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated CGD.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the phagocytic activity and immunophenotype of peripheral blood monocytes in children with H. pylori-associated chronic gastroduodenitis.
    • To explore the association between H. pylori, Candida species, and markers of secondary immune deficiency.
    • To elucidate the pathogenetic significance of monocyte alterations in pediatric CGD.

    Main Methods:

    • Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze peripheral blood monocytes.
    • Assessment included phagocytic activity, immunophenotype, and markers of immune deficiency.
    • Patients with chronic gastroduodenitis associated with H. pylori, with or without Candida co-infection, were studied.

    Main Results:

    • Differential changes in the circulating monocyte profile were identified in children with H. pylori-associated CGD.
    • These alterations suggest a pathogenetic role in CGD, particularly when associated with Candida co-infection.
    • Phagocytic activity of monocytes was significantly depressed, affecting multiple stages including capture, mobilization, killing, and intracellular biocidity.
    • Severe depression of monocyte phagocytic activity was observed in CGD cases involving both H. pylori and Candida.

    Conclusions:

    • Monocyte dysfunction is a key feature of chronic gastroduodenitis in children with H. pylori infection.
    • Co-infection with Candida exacerbates monocyte phagocytic impairment.
    • These findings highlight the importance of assessing immune status in pediatric CGD, especially in cases of H. pylori and potential fungal co-infections.

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