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[Children with high potential and difficulties: Contributions of clinical research].

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Developmental coordination disorders: state of art.

L Vaivre-Douret1

  • 1Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France; Sorbonne Paris City, 75006 Paris, France; Inserm, UMR-S0669 Paris, 75014 Paris, France; University of Paris-Sud and Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France; Cochin-Port Royal Hospital Paris Center, Department of Pediatrics, 75015 Paris, France; Department of Child Psychiatry, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.

Neurophysiologie Clinique = Clinical Neurophysiology
|February 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) affects 6% of school-aged children, impacting motor learning and skill acquisition. Research aims to identify DCD subtypes for better diagnosis and understanding of underlying mechanisms.

Keywords:
AssessmentComorbiditiesComorbiditéCritères diagnostiquesDevelopmental coordination disorderDevelopmental dyspraxiaDiagnostic criteriaDyspraxie développementaleEtiologySous-groupesSubtypesTrouble de l’acquisition de la coordinationÉtiologieÉvaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Motor coordination difficulties in children have been documented since the early 1900s.
  • Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is defined by marked impairment in motor coordination, affecting approximately 6% of school-aged children.
  • DCD impacts motor learning and new skill acquisition, distinct from adult apraxia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the varying nature and severity of motor impairment in children with DCD.
  • To investigate potential subtypes of DCD through comprehensive assessments.
  • To enhance understanding of the mechanisms and cerebral involvement in DCD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing factor and cluster analysis for an intragroup approach.
  • Employing standardized assessments beyond simple motor tests.
  • Investigating functions such as neuromuscular tone, soft neurological signs, gross and fine motor coordination, and associated academic, language, gnosic, visual motor/perceptual, and attentional/executive difficulties.

Main Results:

  • Motor impairment in DCD children is heterogeneous in severity and nature.
  • Current screening measures often rely on developmental milestones and global motor tests.
  • A deeper investigation reveals specific associated difficulties that may aid in subtype identification.

Conclusions:

  • There is no established consensus on the etiology of DCD.
  • A more detailed, multi-faceted assessment approach is needed for accurate DCD subtype identification.
  • Understanding DCD subtypes can lead to better diagnostic criteria and insights into the disorder's underlying mechanisms and cerebral correlates.