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SDS-PAGE/Immunoblot Detection of Aβ Multimers in Human Cortical Tissue Homogenates using Antigen-Epitope Retrieval

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Published on: April 23, 2010

Differential changes in Aβ42 and Aβ40 with age.

James Scott Miners¹, Ruth Jones¹, Seth Love¹

¹Dementia Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD

|February 8, 2014

Summary

As people age, soluble amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide levels decrease while insoluble Aβ42 increases. This shift, particularly after age 50, may elevate Alzheimer

Keywords:

Aβ$_{40}$Aβ$_{42}$aging amyloid

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Consensus Brain-derived Protein, Extraction Protocol for the Study of Human and Murine Brain Proteome Using Both 2D-DIGE and Mini 2DE Immunoblotting

Published on: April 10, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biochemistry
Gerontology

Background:

Amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) accumulation in the brain is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Soluble Aβ levels decline with age in healthy individuals, while insoluble Aβ increases.
Previous research suggested a potential shift towards Aβ42 over Aβ40 with age.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in soluble and insoluble brain fractions across the human lifespan.
To investigate age-related changes in the Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio in normal aging.
To explore the implications of these changes for sporadic AD risk.

Main Methods:

Analysis of human postmortem brain tissue from a cohort aged 16-95 years.
Measurement of soluble and insoluble Aβ40 and Aβ42 using guanidine-extractable fractions.
Comparison of peptide levels and ratios across different age groups.

Main Results:

Absolute levels of soluble Aβ40, insoluble Aβ40, and soluble Aβ42 declined with age, primarily before 50 years.
The Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio increased in both soluble and insoluble fractions after age 50.
Insoluble Aβ42 showed a progressive increase with age.

Conclusions:

Age-related changes in Aβ production or retention favor Aβ42 over Aβ40, especially after age 50.
The increasing Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio with age is a significant factor in normal aging.
Differential Aβ40 and Aβ42 dynamics likely contribute to the age-related risk of sporadic Alzheimer's disease.