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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility...
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Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Related Experiment Video

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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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Motility abnormalities in irritable bowel syndrome.

Andrew W DuPont1, Zhi-Dong Jiang, Stephen A Harold

  • 1The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Tex., USA.

Digestion
|February 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delayed gastric emptying occurs in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), particularly in constipation-predominant IBS which shows prolonged gut transit times. Small bowel transit abnormalities were not linked to breath test results in IBS patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology remains unclear.
  • Lactulose breath tests are used to detect small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in IBS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intestinal transit in IBS patients.
  • To identify physiological abnormalities using SmartPill® and breath tests.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the SmartPill® (SP) wireless pH/pressure capsule to assess intestinal transit.
  • Conducted lactulose breath tests to evaluate for physiological abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • 76% of IBS patients exhibited delayed gastric emptying.
  • Constipation-predominant IBS was linked to significantly prolonged colonic transit times (71.7 ± 61.1 hours) compared to diarrhea-predominant (22.5 ± 14.9 hours) and mixed subtypes (26.4 ± 21.5 hours).
  • No correlation was found between small bowel transit time and abnormal breath hydrogen or methane excretion.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed gastric emptying is present in IBS and may contribute to symptoms.
  • Prolonged gut transit times are associated with constipation-predominant IBS.
  • Overall, intestinal transit abnormalities and breath test results did not show a significant correlation in IBS patients.