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Clinical features of coxsackievirus A4, B3 and B4 infections in children

Chia-Jie Lee1, Yhu-Chering Huang2, Shuan Yang3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Plos One
|February 8, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Coxsackievirus A4 (CA4), B3 (CB3), and B4 (CB4) infections present distinct clinical features in children. Coxsackievirus B3 infections are associated with younger children and more severe outcomes, including rare fatal cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Clinical manifestations of coxsackievirus A4 (CA4), B3 (CB3), and B4 (CB4) infections in children are not well-documented.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively describe and compare the clinical features of CA4, CB3, and CB4 infections in pediatric patients.
  • To identify distinct age groups and disease spectrums associated with each virus type.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 386 children with culture-proven CA4, CB3, or CB4 infections from January 2004 to June 2012.
  • Detailed clinical and laboratory data were collected from 296 inpatients; demographic data from 90 outpatients.

Main Results:

  • Coxsackievirus B3 (CB3) infections were most common in children under 3 years, with the highest hospitalization rates and longest hospital stays.
  • Herpangina was the primary symptom for CA4 and CB4 infections, while aseptic meningitis and fever were noted in CB3 infections.
  • Severe complications and long-term sequelae were predominantly linked to CB3 infections, with two fatal cases reported (one CA4, one CB3).

Conclusions:

  • Coxsackievirus A4 (CA4), CB3, and CB4 infections exhibit varied clinical presentations and affect different pediatric age groups.
  • While generally resolving uneventfully, severe and fatal outcomes, particularly from CB3, underscore the importance of recognizing these viral infections.
Abstract

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