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Phytochrome in cucumber seeds.

C J Spruit1, A L Mancinelli

  • 1Laboratory of Plant Physiological Research, Agricultural University, Wageningen.

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|February 8, 2014
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Summary

Cucumber seeds contain a unique phytochrome in their dry state that differs from that in seedlings. This dry-seed phytochrome exhibits inverse reversion, potentially explaining germination responses to light.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Photobiology
  • Seed Biology

Background:

  • Phytochrome, a plant photoreceptor, regulates various developmental processes.
  • Two forms of phytochrome exist: red-absorbing (Pr) and far-red-absorbing (Pfr).
  • The role of phytochrome in dry seeds and its properties are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and properties of phytochrome in dry cucumber seeds.
  • To compare dry-seed phytochrome with phytochrome found in etiolated seedlings.
  • To elucidate the potential role of dry-seed phytochrome in germination control.

Main Methods:

  • Direct spectrophotometry was used to detect and characterize phytochrome in whole dry cucumber seeds.
  • Spectroscopic analysis was performed to differentiate between phytochrome forms.

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  • Observations were made on phytochrome behavior after seed imbibition.

    • Main Results:

    • Phytochrome was detected in dry cucumber seeds using spectrophotometry.
    • Dry-seed phytochrome is spectroscopically distinct from that in etiolated plants.
    • Dry-seed phytochrome exhibits inverse reversion in darkness (Pr to Pfr), with 75% found in the Pfr form.
    • Upon imbibition, new phytochrome is synthesized in the Pr form, similar to classical phytochrome.
    • Dry-seed phytochrome retains its inverse reversion capacity after imbibition.

    Conclusions:

    • Cucumber dry seeds contain a unique phytochrome with distinct spectroscopic properties and inverse reversion capability.
    • This dry-seed phytochrome may explain the requirement for far-red light in suppressing germination.
    • The newly synthesized phytochrome's role in germination requires further investigation.
    • Similar phytochrome mechanisms might control germination in other seeds sensitive to far-red radiation.