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Obesity--a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

Alina Costina Luca1, C Iordache1

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Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic, significantly impacting cardiovascular health in young individuals. This study highlights the prevalence of hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in obese children and adolescents.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a global epidemic with severe health implications.
  • Romania faces a high prevalence, ranking third in Europe for infantile obesity.
  • Obesity significantly affects all body systems, increasing risks for cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cardiovascular complications associated with obesity in children and adolescents.
  • To assess the prevalence of hypertension and cardiac structural changes in pediatric obesity.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 188 overweight and obese patients (aged 2-18) hospitalized between 2006-2011.
  • Patient evaluation included medical history, clinical assessment, and paraclinical tests.
  • Echocardiography was performed on all participants to detect cardiac abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • The majority of patients were aged 7-13 years (51%) and 14-18 years (42%).
  • Hypertension was prevalent, with 21% having borderline and 16% definite hypertension.
  • Echocardiograms revealed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 12% of the study group.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric obesity has profound effects on major body systems.
  • Obesity is linked to increased mortality and morbidity rates in children.
  • Early identification and management of cardiovascular risks in obese youth are crucial.