Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Surface Active Agents01:27

Surface Active Agents

158
Surfactants, named for their behavior at interfaces, positively adsorb at the interfaces of two phases, reducing interfacial tension. Their versatility as emulsifiers, detergents, and foaming agents stems from this ability. Surfactants, often termed amphiphiles, share the property of amphipathy, with molecules having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions. The hydrophilic part is called the head, and the hydrophobic part, including an elongated alkyl substituent, forms the tail.Surfactants...
158
Micelles01:30

Micelles

364
Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
364

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In Vitro Bioassay Evidence for Chemical Mixture Propagation from the Environment to Humans.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Embryotoxicity of pyrethroid insecticides and their mixtures in a human induced pluripotent stem cell-based model in vitro.

Archives of toxicology·2026
Same author

Towards advanced in vitro models of testicular steroidogenesis for endocrine disruption testing.

ALTEX·2026
Same author

Optimization of an <i>ex vivo</i> model to test the ability of chemicals to disrupt thyroid hormone synthesis.

Toxicology reports·2026
Same author

New approach methodologies (NAMs) for improved developmental and reproductive toxicity (DART) assessment with focus on endocrine disruption - a PARC project.

Frontiers in toxicology·2026
Same author

Embryotoxicity and mixture effects of legacy PFAS in a human iPSC-based 3D model.

Cell biology and toxicology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

14.1K

Polyfluorinated alkyl phosphate ester surfactants - current knowledge and knowledge gaps.

Camilla Taxvig1, Anna Kjerstine Rosenmai, Anne Marie Vinggaard

  • 1Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark.

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology
|February 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Fluorochemicals, including polyfluorinated alkyl phosphate ester surfactants (PAPs), are detected in humans and the environment. Limited toxicological data suggests PAPs may disrupt hormone synthesis, posing potential health risks.

More Related Videos

Investigating Long-Distance Transport of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Wheat via a Split-Root Exposure Technique
07:06

Investigating Long-Distance Transport of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Wheat via a Split-Root Exposure Technique

Published on: September 28, 2022

1.8K
Implementation of a Hyperbolic Vortex Plasma Reactor for the Removal of Micropollutants in Water
06:35

Implementation of a Hyperbolic Vortex Plasma Reactor for the Removal of Micropollutants in Water

Published on: July 25, 2025

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

14.1K
Investigating Long-Distance Transport of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Wheat via a Split-Root Exposure Technique
07:06

Investigating Long-Distance Transport of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Wheat via a Split-Root Exposure Technique

Published on: September 28, 2022

1.8K
Implementation of a Hyperbolic Vortex Plasma Reactor for the Removal of Micropollutants in Water
06:35

Implementation of a Hyperbolic Vortex Plasma Reactor for the Removal of Micropollutants in Water

Published on: July 25, 2025

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Toxicology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Fluorochemicals are widely used synthetic compounds known for repelling water and oil.
  • These compounds, including polyfluorinated alkyl phosphate ester surfactants (PAPs), are found in the environment and humans.
  • Existing toxicological data on most fluorochemicals, particularly PAPs, is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the environmental presence and potential health risks of fluorochemicals, with a focus on PAPs.
  • To address the significant data gap in toxicological information for PAPs.
  • To evaluate the potential for PAPs to interfere with endocrine functions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on fluorochemicals and PAPs.
  • Analysis of environmental detection data and human exposure studies.
  • In vitro studies examining the effects of PAPs on sex hormone synthesis.

Main Results:

  • Fluorochemicals, including PAPs, are ubiquitous in the environment and detected in human samples.
  • Toxicological data for PAPs is scarce, hindering comprehensive risk assessment.
  • In vitro evidence suggests some PAPs can interfere with sex hormone synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • The limited toxicological data on PAPs indicates a potential risk for adverse health effects, including endocrine disruption.
  • The long half-life of fluorochemicals in humans increases concerns about cumulative exposure and long-term risks.
  • Further research is crucial to fully understand the toxicological profile and risks associated with PAPs.