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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Factors Affecting Illness01:18

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Related Experiment Videos

Identifying factors associated with changes in physical functioning in an older population.

Chun-Min Chen1, Wen-Chiung Chang, Tzuo-Yun Lan

  • 1Department of Health Care Management, University of Kang Ning, Tainan, Taiwan.

Geriatrics & Gerontology International
|February 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Physical functioning declines in older adults, influenced by age, chronic diseases like stroke and diabetes, and lifestyle factors. Prevention efforts should target individuals with these conditions and those lacking social support or living alone.

Keywords:
changes in physical functioningfactorsolder adults

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Physical functioning is crucial for independence in older adults.
  • Understanding factors influencing functional decline is essential for targeted interventions.
  • Taiwan's aging population presents unique challenges for maintaining health and mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between changes in physical functioning and various factors in an older Taiwanese population.
  • To identify key determinants of functional decline over time.
  • To inform public health strategies for promoting healthy aging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 907 participants in the Functioning and Aging Study in Taipei (2005-2009).
  • Assessed functional status using activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and mobility tasks.
  • Employed generalized estimating equations and generalized linear mixed-effects models to analyze longitudinal data.

Main Results:

  • The proportion of elderly participants with normal physical function decreased over the study period.
  • Identified significant factors associated with functional decline including age, living arrangements, social support, self-rated health, stroke, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, osteoporosis, depression, cognition, vision, falls, incontinence, physical activity, BMI, and physical performance.
  • Nearly identical sets of factors were identified by both statistical models used.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults with stroke, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, geriatric conditions, and poor physical performance are at high risk of functional decline.
  • Individuals not living with spouses, with poor self-rated health, low social support, underweight/obese status, and sedentary lifestyles require significant attention for prevention.
  • Interventions should focus on these identified risk factors to mitigate functional decline in the aging population.