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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Radiotherapy Physics

Background:

  • Modulated Electron Radiotherapy (MERT) offers potential for organ-at-risk sparing in specific tumor sites.
  • Accurate beam modeling is essential for implementing MERT in clinical treatment planning.
  • The Millennium photon multileaf collimator (MLC) can shape electron beams, but requires a precise model for dose calculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a beam model for reconstructing electron fields shaped by a Varian photon MLC on Varian linear accelerators.
  • To enable accurate dose calculations for MERT treatment planning.

Main Methods:

  • A hybrid beam model combining analytical sources and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of MLC transport was developed.
  • The model was coupled with a macro MC dose calculation algorithm.
  • Commissioning and validation were performed on Clinac 23EX and TrueBeam linacs using water phantom measurements for various field sizes, energies, and complex MLC patterns.

Main Results:

  • Calculated doses generally agreed with measurements within 2% of the maximal dose or 2 mm distance to agreement (DTA) for simple fields.
  • For complex MLC patterns, agreement was within 3% of the maximal dose or 3 mm DTA.
  • Two-dimensional dose distributions showed agreement within 2% of the maximal dose or 2 mm DTA.

Conclusions:

  • The developed beam model accurately reconstructs photon MLC-shaped electron beams for Varian linacs.
  • This validated model is suitable for accurate dose calculations in MERT.
  • Future work will utilize this model to explore MERT possibilities using photon MLCs for electron beam shaping.