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Model-based dose calculations for COMS eye plaque brachytherapy using an anatomically realistic eye phantom.

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The eye is not radiologically water-equivalent, impacting radiation dose calculations for COMS eye plaque brachytherapy. Accurate modeling of ocular media composition is crucial for precise dosimetry in eye treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Ocular media and surrounding tissues influence radiation dose distribution.
  • Accurate dosimetry is critical for effective COMS eye plaque brachytherapy outcomes.
  • Previous models often assume water-equivalence, which may not be accurate for ocular tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of ocular media and tissue composition/geometry on dose distributions for (125)I, (103)Pd, and (131)Cs COMS eye plaque brachytherapy.
  • To determine doses to critical ocular structures during treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an anatomically realistic voxelized eye model.
  • Calculated mass energy absorption and attenuation coefficients for ocular media.
  • Simulated radiation transport and dose deposition using EGSnrc Monte Carlo (BrachyDose) for COMS plaque in a water phantom and the eye model.
  • Performed TG-43 simulations for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Ocular media's coefficients differ from water by up to 12% in the relevant energy range.
  • Full eye model simulations showed significant differences in tumor and lens doses (8-14%) compared to plaque-in-water.
  • Doses to the lens and optic nerve were higher in the full eye model compared to TG-43 simulations.
  • Tumor and lens doses varied based on the composition of surrounding tissues and the tumor itself.

Conclusions:

  • The eye is not radiologically water-equivalent, necessitating advanced modeling.
  • Model-based dose calculations are essential for accurate eye plaque brachytherapy.
  • Precise elemental composition data for ocular media are required for reliable treatment planning.