Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

1.2K
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
1.2K
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.4K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.4K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.8K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.8K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

5.9K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
5.9K
Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

2.7K
Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
2.7K
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

922
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
922

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhancing experimental design through Bayes factor design analysis: insights from multi-armed bandit tasks.

Wellcome open research·2026
Same author

Why sleep matters in chronic pain: evidence across the lifespan.

EBioMedicine·2026
Same author

Tonic pain modulates neural correlates of associative phasic pain memories.

Pain·2026
Same author

Homeostasis after injury: How intertwined inference and control underpin post-injury pain and behaviour.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Wirelessly transmitted subthalamic nucleus signals decode endogenous pain levels in Parkinson's disease patients.

Neurobiology of disease·2025
Same author

Neural Associative Skill Memories for Safer Robotics and Modeling Human Sensorimotor Repertoires.

Neural computation·2025
Same journal

Sparse component analysis: A method that uncovers separable computations within neural population activity.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Spatiomolecular mapping reveals anatomical organization of heterogeneous cell types in the human nucleus accumbens.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

TGF-β1-induced endothelial transcytosis drives blood-brain barrier leakage during aging.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Image space opens up for visual neuroscience.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Septal GLP-1 receptors control alcohol taking and seeking.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Microglial fitness in moderation: Tuning TREM2 signaling through Ptpn6.

Neuron·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.4K

Decisions about decisions.

Wako Yoshida1, Ben Seymour2

  • 1Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan.

Neuron
|February 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain uses a prefrontal reliability-based system to choose the right decision-making process. This study explains how this arbitration system works theoretically, behaviorally, and neurobiologically.

More Related Videos

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

5.2K
An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
07:42

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.4K
Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

5.2K
An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
07:42

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

14.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Decision Making

Background:

  • Understanding how the brain selects decision systems is a key challenge.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the mechanisms of decision system arbitration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive account of the prefrontal reliability-based arbitration system.
  • To integrate theoretical, behavioral, and neurobiological evidence for this system.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of decision arbitration.
  • Behavioral experiments assessing decision-making under varying reliability conditions.
  • Neurobiological investigations into prefrontal cortex involvement.

Main Results:

  • A prefrontal cortex-based system arbitrates between different decision strategies.
  • Decision system selection is influenced by the reliability of available information.
  • Evidence supports a neurobiological basis for this reliability-based arbitration.

Conclusions:

  • The prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role in dynamically selecting decision systems.
  • Information reliability is a key factor in the brain's arbitration process.
  • This work offers a framework for understanding flexible decision making.