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The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
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Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
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Self-presentation is a fundamental aspect of social interaction, shaping both how others perceive individuals and how they view themselves. This dynamic process influences behaviors in various social settings, often leading people to adjust their appearance, speech, and demeanor to align with their desired identity. While self-presentation can be deliberate or unconscious, it plays a critical role in interpersonal relationships and self-perception.Forms of Self-PresentationSelf-presentation can...
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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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Self-esteem modulates the latency of P2 component in implicit self-relevant processing.

Juan Yang1, Mingming Qi1, Lili Guan1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

Biological Psychology
|February 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that negative self-relevant words prolonged P2 latency more than positive ones. Higher self-esteem was linked to shorter P2 latency for negative self-relevant words, suggesting self-esteem modulates self-referential processing.

Keywords:
Implicit self-processingLatencyP2Self-esteem

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Previous research indicates prolonged P2 latency for self-relevant words.
  • The exact psychological significance of this prolonged P2 latency remains unclear, potentially related to self-relevance, word valence, or their interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the psychological significance of prolonged P2 latency in implicit self-processing.
  • To investigate the association between self-esteem and P2 latency during implicit self-relevant information processing.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to examine 19 participants.
  • Participants judged the color of positive and negative words, varying in self-relevance.
  • Words were categorized as low or high self-relevant for each participant.

Main Results:

  • P2 latency was significantly longer for negative-high self-relevant words compared to positive-high self-relevant words.
  • A negative correlation was observed between self-esteem and P2 latency for negative-high self-relevant words.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that P2 latency specifically reflects the processing of negative self-relevant information.
  • Self-esteem levels appear to modulate the neural correlates associated with self-referential processing.