[A short history of the control and eradication of rinderpest]

This article gives a short review about the history of the control and finally eradication of Rinderpest, as only the second infectious disease in history. Emphasis is put on the 20th century. Beside the application of classical hygienic control measures, the development of appropriate diagnostic tools and of improved vaccines in conjunction with national and internationally coordinated actions, were pivotal for the eradication success. It is discussed which lessons are to be learned from this achievement--and what may be the next candidates for eradication.