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Updated: May 3, 2026

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Published on: June 25, 2019
Capturing additional information about the organization of entries in the lexicon from verbal fluency productions
Kerry Ledoux1, Tracy D Vannorsdall, Erin J Pickett
1a Department of Neurology , The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore , MD , USA.
Abstract:
Troyer and colleagues [Troyer, A. K., Moscovitch, M., & Winocur, G. (1997). Clustering and switching as two components of verbal fluency: evidence from younger and older healthy adults. Neuropsychology, 11(1), 138-146] developed a seminal method to measure clustering and switching behaviors during verbal fluency (VF) productions. We sought to expand the reach of their system by modifying the scoring rules. Compared to the Troyer system, our modifications yield comparable estimates of interrater reliability and similar patterns of correlation with demographic characteristics for both clustering and switching in healthy adults. However, two objective measures of word relatedness (interword interval timing and latent semantic analysis) confirm that our revisions capture additional information about the organization of entries in the lexical network.
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