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Aging and regeneration in vertebrates
Konstantinos Sousounis1, Joelle A Baddour2, Panagiotis A Tsonis1
1Department of Biology and Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Aging reduces the regenerative abilities of stem cells in vertebrates. This review explores age-related stem cell decline and its impact on tissue repair, offering insights from species with high regenerative capacity.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Regenerative Medicine
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Aging is characterized by cellular damage and impaired repair mechanisms.
- Stem/progenitor cell function is crucial for tissue homeostasis and regeneration.
- A decline in regenerative capacity is observed with increasing age.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review age-dependent changes in stem/progenitor cells.
- To discuss the impact of aging on regeneration in various organs.
- To correlate aging, stem cell function, and regenerative decline.
Main Methods:
- Selective review of age-dependent changes in stem/progenitor cells.
- Discussion of aging's effect on organ regeneration after injury.
- Comparative analysis with animal models exhibiting high regeneration.
Main Results:
- Aging leads to telomere shortening, DNA damage, and oxidative stress, affecting cell function.
- Stem/progenitor cell function declines with age, impairing tissue repair.
- Vertebrate regeneration capacity decreases with age due to stem cell dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Regenerative decline in vertebrates is linked to aging-induced loss of stem/progenitor cell function.
- Studying species with high regeneration may reveal strategies to enhance human repair.
- Future research should focus on improving stem cell function and understanding age-independent regeneration.
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