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Updated: May 3, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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An 11-frame phase shifting algorithm in lateral shearing interferometry.

Chao Fang, Yang Xiang, Keqi Qi

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    An 11-frame phase shifting algorithm effectively eliminates zeroth-order effects and phase shifting errors. This new method offers improved phase restoration accuracy compared to existing algorithms, verified through simulations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Interferometry
    • Image Processing

    Background:

    • Phase shifting algorithms are crucial for quantitative phase measurement in interferometry.
    • Existing algorithms can be sensitive to phase shifting errors and may not fully suppress zeroth-order effects.
    • Minimizing phase restoration errors is essential for accurate optical measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel 11-frame phase shifting algorithm.
    • To enhance robustness against phase shifting errors.
    • To effectively suppress the zeroth-order effect in phase retrieval.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of the analytical expression for the phase-restoration error function.
    • Explanation of phase shifting error compensation principles.
    • Simulation of interference patterns and phase restoration using the proposed and existing algorithms.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed 11-frame algorithm demonstrates reduced phase-restoration error.
    • Phase-restoration error is shown to be proportional to the sine of double shearing phase and the biquadratic of phase shifting error.
    • Simulation results validate the theoretical analysis and confirm superior error suppression.

    Conclusions:

    • The 11-frame phase shifting algorithm offers improved accuracy and reliability.
    • This method provides effective compensation for phase shifting errors.
    • The algorithm successfully suppresses zeroth-order effects, enhancing measurement precision.