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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons
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Dispersion engineering of surface plasmons.

Isroel M Mandel, Igor Bendoym, Young U Jung

    Optics Express
    |February 12, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Engineered surface plasmon dispersion curves using tailored electron density in multilayer structures. This allows for precise control over electromagnetic field distribution and arbitrary curve shaping in the terahertz range.

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    Area of Science:

    • Condensed matter physics
    • Nanophotonics
    • Terahertz (THz) science and technology

    Background:

    • Surface plasmons are collective oscillations of electrons at the interface between a conductor and a dielectric.
    • The dispersion relation of surface plasmons dictates their energy-momentum relationship and influences their confinement and propagation.
    • Controlling surface plasmon properties is crucial for developing advanced optical devices and sensors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the engineering of surface plasmon dispersion curves by manipulating electromagnetic field distributions.
    • To investigate the role of nonuniform free electron density in metal-like materials for controlling surface plasmon behavior.
    • To achieve arbitrary shapes of surface plasmon dispersion curves, such as stair steps and dovetails, in the terahertz spectral range.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing multilayer structures with varying free electron densities in metal-like materials (e.g., doped semiconductors).
    • Engineering the distribution of electromagnetic fields within these multilayer structures.
    • Analyzing the confinement of surface plasmon fields to specific layers based on the in-plane wave-vector and material permittivity.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that nonuniform free electron density profiles enable control over electromagnetic field distribution.
    • Showed that surface plasmon confinement increases with the in-plane wave-vector, concentrating fields in specific layers.
    • Confirmed that the energy of confined surface plasmons is predictable by the permittivity of the host layer.
    • Successfully designed unusual dispersion curve shapes, including stair steps and dovetails.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method allows for the precise engineering of surface plasmon dispersion curves through controlled electromagnetic field distribution.
    • Nonuniform free electron density in multilayer structures offers a versatile platform for tailoring plasmonic properties in the terahertz range.
    • This work opens avenues for designing novel plasmonic devices with customized optical responses.