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Updated: May 3, 2026

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Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
Published on: February 6, 2014
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QAM accommodated double-side band fast OFDM based on IDCT
Optics Express
|February 12, 2014
Summary
This study proves double-side band fast orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DSB-FOFDM) sub-carriers are orthogonal, enabling Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). Experiments show QAM-modulated DSB-FOFDM matches OFDM performance over 500 km fiber.
Area of Science:
- Optical Communications
- Digital Signal Processing
- Fiber Optic Transmission
Background:
- Double-side band fast orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DSB-FOFDM) has been primarily modulated using Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) or Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK).
- The orthogonality of sub-carriers in DSB-FOFDM, crucial for signal integrity, was not fully explored concerning modulation schemes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To theoretically and experimentally validate the orthogonality of sub-carriers in DSB-FOFDM, independent of signal phase and amplitude.
- To demonstrate the suitability of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) for DSB-FOFDM.
- To compare the bit error ratio (BER) performance of QAM-modulated DSB-FOFDM against traditional ASK/BPSK modulation and standard Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM).
Main Methods:
- Theoretical analysis to prove sub-carrier orthogonality in DSB-FOFDM.
- Proof-of-concept experiments transmitting 10 Gb/s signals over 500 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF).
- Bit error ratio (BER) measurements for Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16-QAM) modulated DSB-FOFDM, compared to standard OFDM and 4-ASK modulated DSB-FOFDM.
Main Results:
- Sub-carriers in DSB-FOFDM are confirmed to be orthogonal over a symbol interval, irrespective of signal phase and amplitude.
- 10 Gb/s QPSK-modulated DSB-FOFDM achieved BER performance equivalent to 10 Gb/s QPSK-modulated OFDM after 500 km SSMF transmission.
- 10 Gb/s QPSK-modulated DSB-FOFDM significantly outperformed 4-ASK modulated DSB-FOFDM in BER.
- 10 Gb/s 16-QAM modulated DSB-FOFDM showed BER performance comparable to 10 Gb/s 16-QAM modulated OFDM after 500 km SSMF transmission.
Conclusions:
- DSB-FOFDM effectively accommodates QAM, expanding its modulation capabilities beyond ASK and BPSK.
- QAM-modulated DSB-FOFDM offers comparable or superior spectral efficiency and transmission performance to standard OFDM in long-haul fiber optic systems.
- The findings support the use of QAM with DSB-FOFDM for advanced, high-capacity optical communication systems.
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