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Human immunodeficiency virus replication in human brain cells. Brief report.

A Srinivasan1, D Dorsett, D York

  • 1Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.

Archives of Virology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can infect and replicate in human brain cells, though at lower levels than in T4 lymphoid cells. This suggests HIV

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the cause of Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  • Central Nervous System (CNS) dysfunction is a common clinical manifestation in individuals with HIV infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the susceptibility of human brain cells to HIV infection and replication.
  • To determine the extent of HIV replication in glial and neuronal cells.

Main Methods:

  • Infection of primary human brain-derived cells with HIV.
  • Quantification of HIV replication in infected cells.
  • Comparison of replication levels in brain cells versus T4 lymphoid cells.

Main Results:

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  • HIV was found to infect and replicate within human brain cells.
  • HIV replication in brain-derived cells was significantly less extensive compared to T4 lymphoid cells.
  • Glial and neuronal cells demonstrated susceptibility to HIV infection.

Conclusions:

  • Direct infection of glial/neuronal cells by HIV is biologically plausible.
  • HIV replication in brain cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated CNS dysfunction.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of HIV neuroinvasion and neuropathogenesis.