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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
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Exploring the concept of optimal functionality in old age.

Samal Algilani1, Lina Ostlund-Lagerström2, Annica Kihlgren1

  • 1Nutrition and Physical Activity Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
|February 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Optimal functionality in older adults involves self-related, body-related, and external factors, shifting focus from loss to well-being and personal satisfaction. Further qualitative research is needed to fully understand older adults' perspectives.

Keywords:
agingoptimal functionalitypersonal satisfaction

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Psychology of Aging

Background:

  • Aging is often viewed through a lens of functional decline.
  • A paradigm shift is needed to focus on maintaining health and personal satisfaction in older adults.
  • Optimal functionality from the older adult's perspective remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the concept of optimal functionality in old age.
  • To understand this concept from the perspective of individuals aged 65 and over.
  • Focus on industrialized Western countries.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review of scientific literature was conducted.
  • Searched databases included PubMed and CINAHL (January 2002 - July 2013).
  • Key search term: "personal satisfaction"; 25 studies were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of six qualitative studies revealed three key themes.
  • Theme 1: Self-related factors, including mental well-being.
  • Theme 2: Body-related factors, such as physical well-being.
  • Theme 3: External factors, encompassing demographic and environmental influences.

Conclusions:

  • A significant gap exists in qualitative research on older adults' views of optimal functionality.
  • Identified cornerstones of optimal functionality: self-related, body-related, and external factors.
  • Further qualitative studies are crucial to validate and deepen understanding of these findings from older adults' viewpoints.