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Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...

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Infection and autoimmunity: Lessons of animal models.

M Pásztói, P Misják, B György

European Journal of Microbiology & Immunology

|February 12, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Microbial factors can trigger autoimmune diseases in susceptible individuals, but their role varies across different experimental models. Gut microbiota, including segmented filamentous bacteria, significantly impacts immune homeostasis and autoimmunity.

Keywords:

autoimmunity infection microbe mimicry model

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Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Microbiology
Genetics

Background:

Autoimmune diseases are complex conditions with poorly understood triggers.
Microbial stimuli are increasingly recognized as significant environmental factors in autoimmunity.
Genetic susceptibility plays a crucial role in disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review evidence on the role of microbial stimuli in experimental models of autoimmunity.
To investigate the influence of microbial environments on disease onset and severity.
To explore the potential therapeutic implications of infectious agents in autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

Comparison of disease onset and severity in various autoimmune models.
Utilizing conventional, specific-pathogen-free, and germ-free animal conditions.
Analyzing the impact of commensal flora, such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), on autoimmunity.

Main Results:

The role of microbial stimuli in autoimmunity is model-dependent, with some models being influenced and others independent.
Autoimmunity can be induced by potent genetic factors or microbial stimuli alone, aligning with the threshold hypothesis.
Colonization with specific commensal bacteria, like SFB, can induce autoimmune responses in germ-free animals.
Parasitic infections have shown a protective effect against autoimmunity in certain models.

Conclusions:

There is no single mechanism explaining the involvement of microbes in all autoimmune models.
The gut microbiota composition is critical for maintaining immune homeostasis.
Parasites may offer novel therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases.