Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

1.8K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the...
1.8K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

1.2K
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
1.2K
Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

3.1K
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
3.1K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.7K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.7K
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

1.2K
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
1.2K
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

803
Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
803

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Imaginary Gauge Potentials in a Non-Hermitian Spin-Orbit Coupled Quantum Gas.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Efficient production of sodium Bose-Einstein condensates in a hybrid trap.

The Review of scientific instruments·2025
Same author

Coexistence of Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Tuberculosis in Two Young Adults: Diagnostic and Management Challenges.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Many-body phases from effective geometrical frustration and long-range interactions in a subwavelength lattice.

Communications physics·2025
Same author

Kolmogorov Scaling in Turbulent 2D Bose-Einstein Condensates.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

A Case of CUP with Malignant Pleural Effusion: Overcoming Diagnostic and Therapeutic Hurdles with Chemotherapy.

Case reports in oncology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.1K

Optimally focused cold atom systems obtained using density-density correlations.

Andika Putra1, Daniel L Campbell1, Ryan M Price1

  • 1Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|February 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Focusing ultracold atom systems like Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is challenging due to their thickness. This study presents a novel technique using power spectral density artifacts to achieve optimal focus, even with large thickness-to-depth-of-field ratios.

More Related Videos

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

11.0K
Analysis of Volatile and Oxidation Sensitive Compounds Using a Cold Inlet System and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
05:48

Analysis of Volatile and Oxidation Sensitive Compounds Using a Cold Inlet System and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry

Published on: September 5, 2014

8.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.1K
Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

11.0K
Analysis of Volatile and Oxidation Sensitive Compounds Using a Cold Inlet System and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry
05:48

Analysis of Volatile and Oxidation Sensitive Compounds Using a Cold Inlet System and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry

Published on: September 5, 2014

8.9K

Area of Science:

  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Resonant absorption imaging is standard for measuring ultracold atom column densities.
  • Large system thickness relative to imaging depth of field complicates achieving optimal focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a systematic method for optimizing focus in ultracold atom systems, particularly Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs).
  • To address challenges in focusing systems where thickness exceeds the imaging depth of field.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing defocus-induced artifacts in the Fourier-transformed density-density correlation function (power spectral density, PSD).
  • Analyzing the spatial frequency at which artifacts appear in the PSD to determine optimal focus.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a technique effective for a thickness-to-depth-of-field ratio of 8 with a BEC.
  • The method successfully identifies and maximizes the range of spatial frequencies in the PSD free from finite-thickness effects.

Conclusions:

  • This technique provides a robust solution for focusing thick ultracold atom systems.
  • Optimized focus enhances the reliability and interpretability of data obtained through resonant absorption imaging.