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Related Concept Videos

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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Optically detected, single nanoparticle mass spectrometer with pre-filtered electrospray nanoparticle source.

Collin R Howder1, David M Bell1, Scott L Anderson1

  • 1Chemistry Department, University of Utah, 315 S. 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.

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A new instrument enables non-destructive mass analysis of single nanoparticles. This 3D quadrupole trap system allows precise particle manipulation and mass determination for various nanoparticle types.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Characterizing individual nanoparticles is crucial for understanding their properties.
  • Existing methods often lack the precision or non-destructive nature required for single-particle analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel instrument for non-destructive mass analysis of single trapped nanoparticles.
  • To detail the design and operational capabilities of a 3D quadrupole trap system for nanoparticle analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a 3D quadrupole (Paul) trap with extensive optical access for particle manipulation and detection.
  • Employing electrospray ionization (ESI) for nanoparticle injection and two ion guides for desolvation and mass selection.
  • Implementing laser heating and photon collection for particle detection and mass determination.

Main Results:

  • Successful trapping and mass analysis of single polymer, bare metal, and ligand-stabilized nanoparticles.
  • Demonstrated mass range from 200 kDa to over 3 GDa for trapped nanoparticles.
  • Achieved controlled, on-demand injection of single nanoparticles into the trap.

Conclusions:

  • The developed instrument provides a powerful tool for the non-destructive mass analysis of individual nanoparticles.
  • The system's versatility supports the analysis of diverse nanoparticle compositions and sizes.
  • This technology advances nanoparticle characterization for various scientific applications.