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Precision control of multiple quantum cascade lasers for calibration systems.

Matthew S Taubman1, Tanya L Myers1, Richard M Pratt1

  • 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|February 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

We developed a precise, 1-Ampere, digitally controlled current source for quantum cascade lasers. This controller offers exceptional temperature stability for both continuous-wave and modulated laser operation, crucial for high-performance photonic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Laser Physics
  • Instrumentation

Background:

  • Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) require highly stable current sources for optimal performance.
  • Existing current controllers may lack the precision and digital interface needed for advanced QCL applications.
  • Temperature fluctuations can significantly impact laser stability and output characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a precision, digitally interfaced current controller for quantum cascade lasers.
  • To achieve high temperature stability for both continuous-wave and modulated QCL operation.
  • To integrate laser selection and protection functionalities within a single system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-precision digital-to-analog converters (DACs) and an ultra-precision voltage reference.
  • Employed a multiplexer (MUX) chip for selecting precision voltages to set output currents.
  • Implemented a linear current regulator for precise current delivery.
  • Integrated a power multiplexing unit for driving multiple QCLs with protection features.
  • Developed a microprocessor-based control system operated via USB and ASCII commands.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a 1-Ampere current controller with exceptional temperature stability.
  • Achieved temperature coefficients of 1-2 parts per million per degree Celsius (ppm/°C) for continuous-wave operation.
  • Measured a temperature coefficient of 15 ppm/°C for 40-kHz square-wave modulated operation.
  • Successfully integrated control of the current controller and a power multiplexing unit via simple USB commands.

Conclusions:

  • The developed digital current controller provides high precision and stability for quantum cascade lasers.
  • The controller's performance is suitable for demanding applications requiring stable laser output under varying temperatures.
  • The integrated system simplifies the operation and protection of multiple QCLs.