Intra-host diversity and evolution of hepatitis C virus endemic to Côte d'Ivoire

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Molecular Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant public health concern in Africa, yet its molecular epidemiology in Côte d'Ivoire remains poorly understood.
• Understanding HCV genetic diversity and evolution is crucial for developing effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the molecular dynamics and genetic diversity of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Côte d'Ivoire.
• To determine the predominant HCV genotypes and their phylogenetic relationships within the West African region.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of plasma samples from pregnant women (n=608) collected in Côte d'Ivoire.
• HCV PCR testing, NS5b gene sequencing for phylogenetic analysis, and next-generation sequencing of the HVR1 region.
• Phylogenetic analysis and Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) to assess genetic structure and diversity.

Main Results:

• Only 3% of samples were HCV PCR-positive, with identified variants belonging to genotype 1 (67%) and genotype 2 (33%).
• Significant genetic diversity was observed within both genotypes, with distinct sub-clusters for genotype 1 (HCV1a and HCV1b).
• HCV isolates from Côte d'Ivoire showed significant genetic differentiation from Central African strains, and high intra-host viral population diversity was detected.

Conclusions:

• HCV evolution in Côte d'Ivoire is complex and mirrors patterns seen in West Africa.
• The findings suggest a unique epidemic history of HCV in Côte d'Ivoire.
• Further research into HCV molecular epidemiology is warranted for targeted public health interventions.